HbA1c Test also called Glycated hemoglobin test gives the average sugar level in the body over a period of 2 to 3 months. When we consume food, it gets digested in the stomach and sugar is released in the blood. This sugar has to reach the different cells of the body and burn there with the help of insulin and oxygen. Patients who are suffering from diabetes are not able to burn sugar due to lack of insulin or due to insulin resistance. The sugar remains in the blood itself and this gets measured when we do the blood sugar test. However the blood sugar test gives us the value of sugar in the blood at that point of time. Blood contains Hemoglobin which is used to carry oxygen from the lungs to the cells. The sugar in the blood gets attached to some of the hemoglobin cells and renders them useless for carrying oxygen.
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HbA1c provides an index of average blood glucose levels over the past 3 months (8 to 12 weeks) and is a good indicator of long-term glycemic control as compared to normal blood and urinary glucose determinations. This test is used to monitor blood sugar levels, as well as for screening of prediabetes and diabetes. This is an accurate and easy to administer test.
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For a non diabetic adult, the normal range for the haemoglobin A1c level is between 4% and 5.6%. Haemoglobin A1c levels between 5.7% and 6.4% means you have prediabetes and a higher chance of getting diabetes. Levels of 6.5% or higher means you have diabetes and you need to take treatment.
Non diabetic adult < 5.7
At risk (Prediabetes) 5.7 - 6.4
Diabetic > = 6.5
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What does the HbA1c Test Measure ?
The HbA1c test is commonly used to know a person’s average blood sugar level over the past 2 - 3 months. So by knowing the HbA1c value in the blood sample it is possible to know the average blood glucose profile. This value will help to diagnose pre-diabetes, diabetes mellitus, and to monitor long-term control of blood glucose in patients who have diabetes mellitus.
Why should I do the HbA1c Test ?
If your age is above 45 years and has a family history of diabetes mellitus, it is always advised to do a HbA1C test once in a year.
If your result shows that you are pre diabetic you need to consult your diabetologist and should get the test done every 2 years.
If you are under 45 with certain risks in your medical profile like high BMI (body mass index), high blood pressure, heart disease then you need to do your testing every 2 years.
If you have symptoms of diabetes like increased urination, fatigue, excessive sweating, increased thirst weakness, blurred vision you need to do an HbA1C test.
For a diabetic person under treatment HbA1c test should be done based on the doctor's advice to know well if your diabetic treatment plan is working.
How is the CBC Test Done ?
The HbA1c test is a simple blood test with no need for fasting before the test. The blood sample can be taken by the phlebotomist at a pathology lab. The test is done on a machine call glycohemoglobin analyzer. The test takes less than 1 minute to complete at Maurya Labs.
How often should HbA1c Test be Done ?
HbA1c levels may be checked every three months until a person with diabetes reaches the treatment goals.
People with diabetes who are meeting treatment goals and have stable blood control are recommended to check their HbA1c levels every six months.
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