The triple marker test is a prenatal test performed during pregnancy. It is a triple marker screening test done using blood. It is not a diagnostic test but is a test to assess the risk of genetic abnormalities in the baby. This test is done in the second trimester, between 15 and 21.9 weeks after the first day of the last menstrual cycle. Neural defects are best detected between 16-18 weeks. It takes 48 to 96 hours for the physician to get complete results. It is advisable for all pregnant women, especially those with a family history of genetic issues, age 35 years and above, to get this done. The most important issue that triple marker test screens is that of Down Syndrome.
Most people have 23 pairs of chromosomes within each cell in their body, for a total of 46. A person diagnosed with Down syndrome has an extra copy of chromosome 21, which means their cells contain 47 total chromosomes instead of 46. This changes the way their brain and body develop.
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Triple marker test is used for detecting the possible chances that a baby might develop certain birth defects such as Spina bifida, Down syndrome, and other genetic disorders. It basically measures the quantity of three substances, namely:
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP): high level of this protein shows the chances of birth defects
Estriol (uE3)
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
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The Triple Marker Test involves three markers, and hence, the name. These test results indicate possible complications in pregnancy, such as the probability of birth or chromosomal or genetic defects in the foetus or indicate the presence of multiple foetuses. A positive result confirms the above defects, and if the results are negative, the baby is normal.
After screening, if the levels of three markers AFP, estriol and hCG are in the normal range, it indicates that the baby is not suffering from neural tube defect, Down syndrome or Trisomy 18. But the triple marker test does not rule out the occurrence of other genetic disorders. However, it does give a genetic profile of the growing foetus to some extent.
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What does the Triple Marker Test Measure ?
It basically measures the quantity of three substances, namely:
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP): high level of this protein shows the chances of birth defects
Estriol (uE3)
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
How accurate is the triple marker test?
Triple marker test is accurate by 70-80 percent in detecting a risk of Down syndrome and a few neural tube defects. The triple screen test assesses the serum level of estriol, AFP and beta -hCG at a 70% sensitivity and chances of false-positive test rate at 5%.
Why is a triple marker test advised by the gynecologist ?
Gynecologist suggests a triple marker test to examine the likelihood of genetic and chromosomal defects in developing foetuses. This test helps in screening for genetic diseases such as Trisomy 18, Down syndrome, and possible neural defects. If detected early, doctors can take necessary precautions or other medical interventions.
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Bihar - 854105
Mob : +91-92 34 34 4301
